सार

India has demonstrated considerable progress in improving various aspects of its 
primary education system, including infrastructure and buildings, teacher student ratios, and 
school enrollment. However, student learning outcomes remain consistently low across the 
country. A review of the literature surrounding learning outcomes has highlighted gaps in 
school instruction and has shown the dire need for innovations in pedagogy and curriculum to 
improve student learning. Taking this into consideration, the present paper was written 
highlighting the few innovative pedagogical measures taken place around the nation to 
improve low learning outcomes.